EDUCATION IN THE TIME OF COUNTER- REFORMATION (RECATHOLICIZATION)
/ŠKOLSTVO V DOBE PROTIREFORMÁCIE (REKATOLIZÁCIE)/

Miroslav KAZIK

student, Theological Faculty, University of Trnava in Trnava, Kostolná 1, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia, miroslaw.kazik@wp.pl, miroslav.kazik@tvu.sk, 00421903880425

Abstract

The paper deals with education in the period that responded to the Reformation. Anti-Reformation (re-Catholicization) education was generally based on the Jesuit study order Ratio atque institutio studiorum from 1599, which established a system of education and teaching down to the last detail. The most important role in the Counter-Reformation (re-Catholicization), as well as in education in this period, was played by the Jesuit order - the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius of Loyola. In the territory of today's Slovakia, the center of the Counter-Reformation was formed by Trnava and the University of Trnava, in the east of Slovakia it was Košice.

Keywords

Education, counter-reformation, recatholicization, Europe, Bohemia, Hungary, Slovakia, jesuits, Ratio atque institutio studiorum, University of Trnava, University of Košice

SUMMARY

Throughout Europe, education was the subject of rival parties - Protestants and Catholics. The period from the 16th to the 17th century is referred to as the Catholic Counter-Reformation. It was the response of the Catholic Church to the Reformation and Protestantism. The Church's reform program also includes raising the level of education and knowledge of the clergy. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Ignatius of Loyola formed a plundering unit with strict discipline to strengthen the Catholic Church. The success of his spiritual exercises consisted in the fact that deep piety was associated with planned self-formation and that the Jesuits, in addition to a unified goal, did not forget to respect the individual. Jesuit education was given its definitive form in their own rules. It sets out the system of education and teaching down to the last detail and regulates the school administration and the subject matter, the breakdown of lessons and textbooks, as well as examinations and methods. In Hungary, the Piarists were the second order to control Catholic education. Trnava with the University of Trnava and Košice in eastern Slovakia played an important role in the Counter-Reformation in today's Slovakia.

(Language: slovak)

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