| Term | The linguistics field it belongs to | The conceptualization in the language of origin | Example | Translation accounting for the content equivalence |
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syntax |
a clause element (represented by a single word or a noun phrases) that follows the verb; objects indicate the direct (direct object) and indirect recipients (indirect object) of actions. |
I like that brown sweater (direct object). I can’t lend you my car (indirect object, direct object). |
predmet (objekt) |
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phonetics phonology |
An obstruent is a speech sound involving a constriction which prevents the airflow from escaping freely through nose or mouth. |
Well-known obstruents are plosives/stops/occlusives, fricatives and affricates. |
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phonetics phonology |
An occlusive is a consonant pronounced with the stricture in the vocal tract (also known as a stop or a plosive). |
stops/plosives - p, t, k, b, d, g, m, n |
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lexicology |
a branch of linguistics, most commonly understood as a sub-branch of lexicology, which is concerned with the question ‘how do you express X?’ ; the opposite direction is called semasiology |
proceeds from the study of meaning to form, i.e. it starts from a concept and asks for its name, e.g. What is the name for a small rectangular object that contains written pages? Answer: a book. |
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phonetics phonology |
Onset is the first part of a syllable (before the centre (nucleus) of a syllable). |
striktúra (iniciála) |
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morphology |
a word class within which new words can be coined or unnecessary words can become dated; constant changes take place as the world develops. |
noun, full verb, adjective, and adverb |
v slovenčine tento koncept nie je, a preto slovenský termín neexistuje; |
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phonetics phonology |
Opposition refers to a distinctive features of a sound by means of the absence or presence of such features, however, sounds which are in opposition with each other can be substituted for each other within a given context creating a new word. |
In the following words, phonemes [t] and [k] are in opposition for they differ in their place of articulation. |
opozícia |